The word replicable means to possess the ability to be duplicated, copied, reproduced or repeated. As a SCI Pilot City, Fayetteville is dedicated to ensuring that all of our projects are not only sustainable, but also replicable for those who come after us.
One way to achieve our replicability goal for the Houses at Willow Bend is to pursue a green development certification from a third party verification program. These programs establish criteria that all projects applying for certification must meet. Administering standard criteria that can be applied to multiple and varying projects promotes replicability.
It is the opinion of our Fayetteville Advisory Board that attaining a third party verification certificate is a confirmed method for producing a replicable project as well as publicly demonstrating that sustainability goals for Willow Bend have been accomplished.
Three target areas we are focused on achieving and providing replicable models are:
- Perpetual Affordability for multiple generations of homeowners;
- Energy Efficiency of the homes so that they are not only for sale at an attainable price point but are also affordable residences in which to dwell;
- Low-Impact Development is only a concept until it’s applied…the Houses at Willow Bend is a perfect test case for the City of Fayetteville’s recentlyapproved Low-Impact Development ordinance.
In order to determine the best fit for Willow Bend, a thorough analysis of potential verification programs was conducted by a Partners for Better Housing board member (Laura Chioldi) and our SCI Project Assistant (Dustin Langford).
Laura and Dustin were asked to look at four potential programs and analyze them based on their merits and drawbacks and make a recommendation to the PfBH Development Committee on which certification was most suitable for the Willow Bend Project to pursue.
The four programs analyzed were:
Below are brief summaries of the analysis of each verification program. These summaries are the opinions of the two volunteer analysts and apply solely to their application to the Willow Bend site. These summaries are excerpts from a more complete analysis document that can be found here.
LEED ND
LEED ND (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for Neighborhood Development) is probably the most well-known and well-utilized program. It was co-developed by the US Green Building Council, the Natural Resources Defense Council and the Congress for New Urbanism and has been used as a foundation for several other sustainable rating systems including the other programs analyzed here.
The program is based on a point system divided into three main categories: Smart Location and Linkage, Neighborhood Pattern & Design, and Green Infrastructure & Buildings. There are four levels of certification, based on points earned.
LEED ND takes a broad approach to neighborhood development with a strong focus on transportation and regional connectivity. This emphasis on Smart Growth aligns well for infill development in dense urban areas, but doesn’t align well for the Willow Bend project, as it would probably not be able to achieve all of the prerequisite points for smart location, compact development, mixed use and walkable streets due to site constraints.
LEED ND can also be quite costly and time consuming as it requires a significant amount of paper work that can demand using an outside consultant to complete. This isn’t advantageous for PfBH, a non-profit developer run by volunteers.
NAHB Land Development
This program is heavily based on the foundation of LEED ND, but is designed for projects that can occur in a variety of locations – urban to rural, flat to rolling terrain – as well as a variety of housing types and markets. This aligns better with the Willow Bend scope of work as it consists of only single-family detached housing, no mixed use, as per the surrounding neighbors request.
The program criteria include categories for site planning that respects local landscape and topography with allowances for street patterns that minimize grading, excavation and disrupting steep slopes. This aligns well with Willow Bend’s vision and goals and accommodates for many of the site constraints as well.
Overall this certification was a better fit for Willow Bend than LEED ND with the biggest disadvantage coming from the additional cost attaining the certification entails.
EarthCraft Communities
The EarthCraft certification program is intended to “assist land developers and local government agencies to create sustainable, market-rate and affordable housing communities.” The criteria focus on low impact development, walkable design & community connectivity, transit-ready density, storm water management, and access to open space.
These criteria align well with the vision and goals of Willow Bend and allow for projects to follow an urban grid design or a conservation cluster design. This system does not incorporate differing levels of certification; a development is either certified or not. This simplified format was attractive to PfBH as it would require less paperwork while eliminating some of the confusion multitier systems can create.
PfBH was impressed with EarthCraft’s commitment to Community Engagement, dedicating an entire point category to the topic, as well as the amount of administrative assistance provided by means of regular site visits, facilitating charrettes and trainings for residents, property managers, builders & realtors.
EarthCraft was seen as a nice fit for the Willow Bend project with few drawbacks. Had it not been for the last program analyzed, EarthCraft would have been the most appropriate choice.
Enterprise Green Communities
The Enterprise Foundation has over 25 years of experience with green homes and affordable communities. Their Green Communities site verification program has been around since 2004 and like the other programs researched by PfBH, has strong roots in LEED ND.
The Green Communities criteria focus on using environmentally sustainable materials, reduction of negative environmental impacts, increased energy efficiency, designs and materials that safeguard residents health, and smart locations providing access to services and public transportation. All criteria align well with the Willow Bend scope of work, vision and goals.
The biggest difference between Enterprise and the other programs is that Enterprise is restricted to affordable housing projects only. In order to be accepted into the program, 80% of the project’s total housing must meet Enterprise’s definition of affordable housing, which is consistent with Willow Bend’s own definition of affordable housing.
Once accepted into the program, the Enterprise Foundation covers all certification fees, which is a great benefit for PfBH. The certification process is a simple two-step process. The first step is to fill out an on-line application that can be completed without outside consultation prior to construction. The second step is a site visit to verify the project after construction.
Furthermore, Enterprise does not have multiple levels of certification. Like EarthCraft, projects are either certified or not, which presumably makes the system simpler and easier to navigate.
This ease of application is very appealing since it doesn’t require any additional fees or consulting services that could prove prohibitive to a non-profit run by volunteers, like PfBH. Though the waiver of certification fees is a big advantage of Enterprise, PfBH feel like the program is the best fit for Willow Bend regardless of the cost.
While Willow Bend as a green infill site meets many of the criteria for smart location mandated by the other programs reviewed, it does have some unchangeable site restrictions that prevent it from achieving the full level required by systems like LEED ND.
Enterprise Green Communities criteria focuses more on the project site rather than the broader regional issues and connectivity consistent with some of the other programs. These topics are in no way ignored by Enterprise; simply, the system takes into account varying project site locations.
What’s Next?
The analysis of the four third party certification options and the resulting recommendation to pursue Enterprise was presented in full to the PfBH Development Committee, who gave their support to bring it before the full PfBH Board. The Board voted to pass a resolution in full support of pursuing an Enterprise Certification and asked Dustin and Laura to continue volunteering their time to further evaluate the Enterprise Criteria and begin the online application form, to which they both agreed.
PfBH has asked their project contractor, Community by Design, to evaluate the Enterprise Criteria to determine if there is any additional work created through the application process not specified in PfBH/CBD contract. With SCI project staff and P4BH board members willing to do most of the work involved in applying for the certification, hopefully this will not be a concern and not an add cost.
As far as moving forward on pursuing Enterprise Certification, the first step in the process is to call a project team meeting consisting of the client, contractors, designers and engineers to establish a plan demonstrating how the team will achieve certification.
We look forward to the kick off of this meeting and are eager to utilize the structure a third party verification program provides in planning and constructing our affordable housing project.